Karakteristik Bakso Ikan Etong (Abalistes stellaris) Instan dengan Penambahan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera)

Rika - Nuryahyani, Dita Kristanti, Dewi - Desnilasari, Devry P. Putri, Achmat Sarifudin, Diki N. Surahman, Woro Setiaboma

Abstract


Abstrak

Bakso merupakan produk olahan yang digemari oleh masyarakat, sehingga banyak dilakukan pembuatan bakso ikan sebagai upaya peningkatan konsumsi ikan. Fortifikasi daun kelor telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kandungan protein dan zat besi pada bakso ikan. Proses pembuatan bakso ikan menjadi produk instan dilakukan sebagai upaya mempermudah dan memperpanjang masa simpannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan perlakuan terbaik pada pembuatan bakso ikan etong dengan penambahan daun kelor yang akan dijadikan bakso instan dan mengetahui karakteristik fisikokimia bakso instan tersebut. Bakso ikan etong dibuat dengan variasi penambahan daun kelor segar sebesar 0% (A0), 5% (A1), 10% (A2), dan 15% (A3) dari berat daging ikan. Bakso ikan terbaik dipilih menggunakan metode De Garmo berdasarkan kandungan protein dan Fe. Hasil perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan analisis De Garmo adalah bakso A3. Bakso instan A3 memiliki karakteristik kadar air 11,82 % bb, protein 33,17% bb, zat besi 1,27 mg/100 g bb, waktu rehidrasi 13 menit, dan kecerahan 65,62.
Kata Kunci : 


Abstract

Meatballs are processed products favored by the community, so the manufacturing of fish meatballs could increase fish consumption. Fortification of moringa leaves was carried out to increase the protein and iron content of fish meatballs. The fish meatball processing into an instant product was done to extend the shelf life. This study aimed to determine the best treatment of triggerfish meatballs with the addition of moringa leaves to produce instant meatballs and evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of producing instant meatballs. Triggerfish meatball was made with the addition of fresh moringa leaves by 0% (AO), 5% (A1), 10% (A2), and 15% (A3) of the weight of the fish. The best fish meatball was selected using the De Garmo method based on protein and Fe values. The best treatment result based on De Garmo’s analysis was the A3 treatment with the following characteristics: water content 11.82% ww, protein 33.17% ww, iron 1.27 mg/100 g ww, rehydration time 13 min, and lightness 65.62.


Keywords


bakso ikan; daun kelor; ikan etong; bakso instan

References


Alhanannasir, A. R., Saputra, D., & Priyanto, G. (2017). Karakteristik pempek instan dengan pengolahan pengeringan oven dan freeze drying. Seminar Nasional Perhimpunan Ahli Teknologi Pangan Indonesia (PATPI) Bandar Lampung, 10(11), 191-200.

Alhanannasir, A., Rejo, A., Saputra, D., & Priyanto, G. (2018). Karakteristik lama masak dan warna pempek instan dengan metode freeze drying. Jurnal Agroteknologi, 12(02), 158. https://doi.org/10.19184/j-agt.v12i02.9281

Anonim (Anon). (2022a, 25 Januari). DuMaster D-480 Bedienungsaleitung Operation Manual. https://www.manualsdir.com/manuals/656087/buchi-dumaster-d-480.

Anonim (Anon). (2022b, 25 Januari). Color Quality Controller System CQCS3 User Manual. http://www.fulltech.it/uploads/5/5/7/7/5577202/usermanual.pdf.

Aprajeeta, J., Gopirajah, R., & Anandharamakrishnan, C. (2015). Shrinkage and porosity effects on heat and mass transfer during potato drying. Journal of Food Engineering, 144, 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.08.004

Apriliani A. G. S, D., & Nurhayati, N. (2017). Daya terima dan kandungan mutu bakso ikan kambing-kambing (Abalistes stellaris) dengan penambahan asap cair dan simpan pada suhu dingin. Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal, 4(2), 59. https://doi.org/10.29103/aa.v4i2.302

Aprilianti, F. N. (2016). Pengaruh penambahan tepung daun kelor terhadap kadar protein, kadar air, kadar betakaroten dan daya terima pada bakso ikan lele. Skripsi. Universitas Jember.

Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC). (2000). Official methods of analysis. method 930.15. AOAC International Gaithersburg, MD

Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN). (1998). Cara uji cemaran logam dalam makanan, SNI 01 2896 1998. Jakarta: Badan Standardisasi Nasional.

Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN). (2014). Bakso ikan. SNI 7266:2014 Bakso Ikan, 7266. Jakarta: Badan Standardisasi Nasional.

Chassagne-Berces, S., Poirier, C., Devaux, M. F., Fonseca, F., Lahaye, M., Pigorini, G., Girault, C., Marin, M., & Guillon, F. (2009). Changes in texture, cellular structure and cell wall composition in apple tissue as a result of freezing. Food Research International, 42(7), 788–797. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODRES.2009.03.001

Dachana, K. B., Rajiv, J., Indrani, D., & Prakash, J. (2010). Effect of dried moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves on rheological, microstructural, nutritional, textural and organoleptic characteristics of cookies. Journal of Food Quality, 33(5), 660–677. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1745-4557.2010.00346.X

De Garmo, E. D., & Sullivan, W. G. (n. d. ). J. R. (1984). Engineering economy. Mc Millan Publishing Company.

Febriansyah, I. M., Sukarno, S., & Fardiaz, D. (2019). Karakteristik mutu fisik tekwan kering dengan rasio ikan berbeda. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan, 30(1), 64–74. https://doi.org/10.6066/JTIP.2019.30.1.64

Hasniar, H., Rais, M., & Fadilah, R. (2019). Analysis of nutrition content and organoleptic test in tempe. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Pertanian, 5, 189–200.

Hastuti, S., Suryawati, S., & Maflahah, I., (2015). Pengujian sensoris nugget ayam fortifikasi daun kelor. Agrointek : Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, 9(1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.21107/AGROINTEK.V9I1.2126

Hermanaputri, D. I., Ningtyias, F. W., & Rohmawati, N. (2017). Pengaruh penambahan bayam (Amaranthus tricolor) pada “nugget” kaki naga lele (Clarias gariepinus) terhadap kadar zat besi, protein, dan air. Penelitian Gizi Dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research), 40(1). https://doi.org/10.22435/PGM.V40I1.6429.9-16

Igene, J. O., Evivie, S. E., Ebabhamiegbebho, P. A., & Udefiagbon, Q. A. (2016). Proximate composition and sensory evaluation of three forms of soy flour/moringa catfish (Clarias gariepinus) balls 1. Journal of Raw Materials Research, 10(2), 1–17.

Ikhlas, B., Huda, N., & Noryati, I. (2011). Chemical composition and physicochemical properties of meatballs prepared from mechanically deboned quail meat using various types of flour. International Journal of Poultry Science, 10(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.3923/IJPS.2011.30.37

Krisnandani, N. L. P. U., Ina, P. T., & Ekawati, I. G. A. (2016). Aplikasi tahu dan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) pada nugget. Media Ilmiah Teknologi Pangan, 3(2), 125–134.

Kumalasari, R., Setyoningrum, F., & Ekafitri, R. E. (2015). Karakteristik fisik dan sifat fungsional beras jagung instan akibat penambahan jenis serat dan lama pembekuan. Jurnal pangan, 24(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.33964/JP.V24I1.41

Kusuma, R. D. H., & Dasir, D. (2017). Studi berbagai jenis bahan pengembang terhadap reabsorpsi tekwan kering ikan gabus. Edible: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Teknologi Pangan, 6(1), 36-45. https://doi.org/10.32502/JEDB.V6I1.630

Lastri, D. R., & Putra, Y. P. (2020). Karakterisasi mutu fisik dan makronutrisi fillet ikan jebung (Abalistes stellaris). J. Manfish, 1(1), 15–20.

Minantyo, H., Purnomo, H., Winarno, P. S., & Kartikawati, M. (2019). The improvement of nutrition quality and organoleptic characteristics of Indonesian milkfish meatball by adding kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves. International Food Research Journal, 26(1), 263–268.

Mistura, L. P. F., & Colli, C. (2009). The effect of irradiation and thermal process on beef heme iron concentration and color properties. Food Science and Technology, 29(1), 195–199. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612009000100030

Mutiara, T. K., Harijono, Estiasih, T., & Sriwahyuni, E. (2012). Nutrient content of kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) leaves powder under different blanching methods. Food and Public Health, 2(6), 296–300. https://doi.org/10.5923/J.FPH.20120206.15

Nobosse, P., Fombang, E. N., & Mbofung, C. M. F. (2017). The effect of steam blanching and drying method on nutrients, phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) leaves. American Journal of Food Science and Technology, 5(2017), Pages 53-60, 5(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.12691/AJFST-5-2-4

Poernomo, D., Suseno, S. H., & Subekti, B. P. (2013). Karakteristik fisika kimia bakso dari daging lumat ikan layaran (Istiophorus orientalis). Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 16(1), 1–1. https://doi.org/10.17844/JPHPI.V16I1.7771

Setiaboma, W., Desnilasari, D., Iwansyah, A. C., Putri, D. P.,

Agustina, W., Sholichah, E., & Herminiati, A. (2021). Karakterisasi kimia dan uji organoleptik bakso ikan manyung (Arius thalassinus, Ruppell) dengan penambahan daun kelor (Moringa oleiferea Lam) segar dan kukus. Biopropal Industri, 12(1), 9–18.

Setiaboma, W., Kristanti, D., & Herminiati, A. (2019). The effect of drying methods on chemical and physical properties of leaves and stems Moringa oleifera Lam. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2175(1), 020030. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5134594

Siong, T. E., Shahid, S. M., Kuladevan, R., Ing, Y. S., Choo, K. S., & Thia, A. (1987). Nutrient composition of Malaysian marine fishes. Asean Food Journal. 3(2), 67–71.

Suhaemi, Z., Husmaini, H., Yerizal, E., & Yessirita, N. (2021). Pemanfaatan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) dalam fortifikasi pembuatan nugget. Jurnal Ilmu Produksi Dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan, 9(1), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.29244/jipthp.9.1.49-54

Suter, I. K., Wijaya, I. M. A. S., & Yusa, N. M. (2011). Formulasi ledok instan yang ditambahkan ikan tongkol dan rumput laut. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan, 22(2), 190–190. https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jtip/article/view/4276

Vidayanana, L. R., Sari, F. K., & Damayanti, A. Y. (2020). Pengaruh penambahan daun kelor terhadap penerimaan, nilai proksimat dan kadar zat besi pada nugget lele. Jurnal Sagu, 19(1), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.31258/SAGU.V19I1.7876

Wattimena, M., Bintoro, V. P., & Mulyani, S. (2013). Kualitas bakso berbahan dasar daging ayam dan jantung pisang dengan bahan pengikat tepung sagu. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan, 2(1). http://jatp.ift.or.id/index.php/jatp/article/view/102

Yameogo, C. W., Bengaly, M. D., Savadogo, A., Nikiema, P. A., & Traore, S. A. (2011). Determination of chemical composition and nutritional values of Moringa oleifera leaves. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 10(3), 264–268. https://doi.org/10.3923/PJN.2011.264.268




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jpbkp.v17i1.760

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 887 times
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia) - 391 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


JPBKP adalah Jurnal Ilmiah yang terindeks :


Creative Commons License

ISSN : 1907-9133(print), ISSN : 2406-9264(online)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.