Disain dan Kinerja Sistem Air Laut yang Direfrigerasi (ALREF) untuk Penampung Ikan pada Kapal Nelayan 10-15 GT

Tri Nugroho Widianto, Ahmat Fauzi

Abstract


Abstrak

Sistem ALREF (air laut yang direfrigerasi) untuk penyimpanan ikan pada kapal 10-15 GT telah didisain dan diuji. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tahapan: penentuan kriteria disain, pembuatan konsep dan analisis disain, konstruksi dan pengujian. Kriteria disain ditentukan berdasarkan referensi kapal 10-15 GT di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Sadeng Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Bak penyimpan ikan dilengkapi pendingin sistem kompresi uap yang terdiri dari komponen utama berupa evaporator, kondensor, kompresor, palka, refrigerant dan katup ekspansi. Palka terbuat dari fiberglass dengan volume palka sekitar 2,03 m3. Palka menggunakan insulator stirofoam high density (densitas sekitar 34 kg/m3). Evaporator terbuat dari pipa tembaga dengan panjang 84 m, diameter 5/8 inchi dan tebal pipa 1,6 mm. Kondensor yang digunakan adalah Alfalaval McDEW 25 menggunakan sistem shell and tube, sedangkan kompresor yang digunakan adalah Blitzer Tipe LH IVY dengan refrigerant R-22. Hasil uji kinerja dengan beban air laut menunjukkan bahwa suhu air laut mencapai kisaran -0,8 sampai -0,4 oC selama 8,5 jam. Kebutuhan daya listrik sistem pendingin sebesar 2 kW. Uji kinerja dengan beban ikan selama 5 hari menunjukkan bahwa suhu ikan turun dari 27,8 oC menjadi berkisar -0,1 sampai -1 oC setelah 12 jam dan dapat dipertahankan selama pengujian.


Design and Performance of Refrigerated Sea Water (RSW) for Fish Hold on 10-15 GT Fishing Vessels

Abstract

Refrigerated sea water (RSW) system for fish on 10-15 GT fishing vessels had been designed and studied. This study was carried out through defining the design criteria, defining the concept and analyzing the design, manufacturing and testing the performance. Design criteria was determined using references of 10-15 GT fishing vessel used in Sadeng Port of Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. The RSW used  vapor compression refrigeration system that consists of evaporator, condenser, compressor, fish storage tank, refrigerant and expansion valve. Fish storage tank was made of fiberglass with a volume of about 2.03 m3 using a high density styrofoam insulator (density of 34 kg/m3). Evaporator used copper pipe with length of 84 m, pipe diameter of 5/8 inch and pipe thickness of 1,6 mm. Condenser used was Alfalaval McDEW 25 with shell and tube system, while the compressor used was Blitzer Type LH IVY with refrigerant R-22. The performance test of the RSW loaded with sea water showed that the temperature of sea water reached in the range of - 0.8 to -0.4 oC for 8.5 hours. Electrical power consumption of cooling units was 2 kW. The performance test of the RSW loaded with fish showed that fish temperature dropped  from  27.8 oC to the range of -0,1 to -1 oC after 12 hours and could be maintained during testing.


Keywords


ALREF; kapal nelayan; ikan; penyimpanan ikan

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jpbkp.v13i2.517

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ISSN : 1907-9133(print), ISSN : 2406-9264(online)
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